Wednesday, December 30, 2015

Tony Gaids:

Chapter 02 :

Chapter 03:

click here to download

click here to download 3b

Chapter 04:

click here to download

Monday, December 28, 2015

Computing is such a process which includes Designing, developing and building computer Hardware and Software, processing , storage, calculating and problem solving processes are done by computer.

Unconventional computing is such a type of computing which deals with the study of problem solving by the use unusual methods or called Alternative Computing.

Types of unconventional computing:

chemical computing.
bio-chemical computing
optical computing.
natural computing.
WET-ware computing.
quantum computing.
DNA computing.
molecular computing.
amorphous computing.
Nano computing.
reversible computing.
analog computing.
mechanical computing.

Chemical computing:

Chemical computing is also called as reaction diffusion computing. It is an unconventional computing in which data is represented or calculated on the basis of variation in the concentration of chemicals. it is also called BZ computer (stands for Belousov–Zhabotinsky computer) or gooware computer.

it works on the basis of naturally occurring chemical reactions.it is still in its early experimental stage but it will bring a revolutionary change in the Industry of computer.

Advantages of chemical computing:

There are many advantages of chemical computing i:e.

computers used in chemical field.
use of computers in Medical field.
computing devices use in Automobile.
quantum computers.
organic computing.
mechanical computing.

UW researchers have developed a programming language for chemical reactions. This rendering shows what a “chemical computer” may look like.

Description :

The simplicity of this technology is the most basic reason for which it will be a best competitor in future with a solid state hardware computer.
A microprocessor is a very sensitive part of a computer hardware which can be easily breakable with the disturbance of micro-bits.

In a small micro processor bits of information can travel in a specific path just like cars are moving in city traffic and they have to obey traffic rules and regulations . one have to wait until the second one crosses the road and they also have to wait until one bit completely cover its path.

they can never cross each other and can never move successively.

But in chemical computing devices data and information will travel in the form of waves and we are well aware of this that waves are dimension less particles which can travel in every imaginable

directions. So with this change in transferring information the speed of computers will become several times more than now a days computers.

Sunday, December 27, 2015

PROGRAMMING.

TABLE OF ANY NUMBER:

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()

{
int i,num;
cout<<"Enter the number for which You want to print the table:";
cin>>num;
for (i=1;i<=10;i++)
cout<<num<<" "<<"*"<<" "<<i<<"="<<num*i<<"\n";

return 0;
}

Friday, December 25, 2015

Hybrid Cars

Defining Hybrids:

''A vehicle is a hybrid if it utilizes more than one form of on-board energy to achieve propulsion. In practice, that means a hybrid will have a traditional internal-combustion engine and a fuel tank, as well as one or more electric motors and a battery pack.''

Hybrid cars are sometimes mistakenly confused with electric vehicles. Hybrids are most often gasoline-burning machines that utilize their electric bits to collect and reuse energy that normally goes to waste in standard cars. Theoretically, diesel-electric hybrids would be even more fuel-efficient, but hybrid systems and diesel engines both represent extra cost. So far, installing both in the same vehicle has proven to be prohibitively expensive.

Specification:

Exterior Measurements:

WIDTH 5 ft. 9.9 in. (69.9 in.)	HEIGHT 5 ft. 2 in. (62 in.)
LENGTH 15 ft. 2.3 in. (182.3 in.)	GROUND CLEARANCE 0 ft. 5.7 in. (5.7 in.)
WHEEL BASE 9 ft. 1.4 in. (109.4 in.)

Interior Measurements:

FRONT HEAD ROOM 39.6 in.	FRONT HIP ROOM 53.5 in.
FRONT LEG ROOM 41.3 in.	FRONT SHOULDER ROOM 55.9 in.
REAR HIP ROOM 53.5 in.	REAR HEAD ROOM 38.6 in.
REAR LEG ROOM 35.9 in.	REAR SHOULDER ROOM 55.2 in.

Fuel:

ENGINE TYPE Hybrid	FUEL TYPE Regular unleaded
FUEL TANK CAPACITY 11.9 gal.	RANGE IN MILES (CTY/HWY) 523.6/476.0 mi.
EPA MILEAGE EST. (CTY/HWY) 44/40 mpg

Hybrid Car Facts:

Hybrid cars like the Toyota Prius produce 90% less pollutants than comparable non-hybrid cars. By putting less harmful chemicals in the environment, the harmful effects of pollution can be halted or even reversed.
The United States government supports hybrid car ownership by allowing a tax write off. In 2005, this rebate may be as high as $5000!
While it is true that hybrid cars do have expensive parts, they also have warranties that provide free replacement of the most expensive parts for many years.
Hybrid cars show much lower depreciation rates than standard gasoline cars. They are now and will continue to be in extremely high demand, so hybrid cars keep their values very well, making a hybrid car a sound investment.
Though hybrid cars have not been on the US market for very long, they have been sold in Japan since 1997. Some consumers worry that hybrid cars may not last as long as other cars, but it is not abnormal for a hybrid car to run like new when it has 250,000 miles on it. The best part - hybrid cars don't require any more maintenance than gasoline cars.
Hybrid cars aren't a fad. Nearly every major automobile manufacturer has announced either the launch of a hybrid car or plans for a launch. A large part of this is due to the CAFE (Corporate Average Fuel Economy) regulation, by which an automaker must maintain a minimum mileage of 27.5mpg across its product line. By investing in hybrid technology, they can offer faster, larger engines in the rest of their line.

You don't have to be an environmentalist to love hybrid cars. Consider the following: ACME Construction has a fleet of 10 work trucks that together drive 2500 miles a week, and guzzle $308 of gas a week. A new hybrid truck offered by a major manufacturer can save ACME Construction nearly $7000 per year, in gasoline costs alone. When factoring in lower depreciation and tax incentives, this number skyrockets. Capitalists can love hybrids too.

Hybrid Cars and Pollution:

It may seem excessive to spend so much time and money developing more economical cars as an alternative to gasoline automobiles, especially since the general population seems to be perfectly happy with current automotive technology, but hybrid cars offer another great advantage; far lower emissions.

When emissions or tailpipe emissions are mentioned in a discussion about cars, the terms refer to the gases released by the burning of gasoline that pollute the atmosphere. These gases are Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrogen Oxides, and Hydrocarbons. These gases, commonly referred to as greenhouse gases, are of particular concern, because of their effect on the earth's climate by trapping heat in the atmosphere that would normally be deflected back to space. The National Research Council performed a study in May 2001 on the effects of greenhouse gas.

“Greenhouse gases are accumulating in Earth’s atmosphere as a result of human activities, causing surface air temperatures and sub-surface ocean temperatures to rise. Temperatures are, in fact, rising. The changes observed over the last several decades are likely mostly due to human activities, but we cannot rule out that some significant part of these changes is also a reflection of natural variability.”

To see how many pounds of greenhouse gases your vehicles emit every year, click here.

Hybrid cars have been accepted as an intermediary solution to the current emissions problems that we face, as they offer lower emissions than gasoline automobiles.

Hybrid cars Batteries:

Honda's Insight was the first hybrid car made commercially available in the US
Hybrid car batteries
The on-board batteries in hybrid cars are recharged by capturing the kinetic energy created when using the brakes (commonly referred to as "regenerative braking"), and some hybrids use the combustion engine to generate electricity by spinning an electrical generator to either recharge the battery or directly feed power to an electric motor that drives the vehicle.

Full hybrids vs. mild hybrids
Generally, there are two kind of hybrid cars: full hybrids and mild hybrids. Full hybrid systems allow both the gasoline engine and electric motor to provide power to the wheels; often, this allows the vehicle to shut down the gasoline engine when stopped at a red light, and to start driving the car on electric power only. The hybrid systems available from Toyota, Lexus and Ford employ this technology.
Mild hybrids, by contrast, use the electric motor primarily to boost the performance of the gasoline engine, when it needs extra power; this technology is seen most often in the hybrids sold by General Motors. In the mild hybrid vehicles available today, most use what's known as a Stop/Start hybrid system, which shuts the gasoline engine off at idle (like at a red light) and instantly starts it up again on demand (like when the light turns green and you hit the accelerator). For a full explanation of the differences between full and mild hybrids, see this article at HybridCars.com.
With all this technology, which hybrids are actually for sale? Read on for details on which hybrid cars you can buy along with more explanation of how they work, and what's on the horizon for hybrid cars.

Which hybrid cars can you buy?

The Toyota Prius is the best-selling hybrid in the US

There are currently eight hybrid cars available: Toyota Prius, Toyota Camry, Honda Accord, Honda Civic, Lexus GS 450h, Lexus LS 600h L, Saturn Aura Green Line and Nissan Altima; the Honda Insight has been retired, but many are still on the road. Additionally, there are five hybrid SUVs and minivans available: Toyota Highlander, Lexus RX 400h, Ford Escape, Mercury Mariner and Saturn Vue Green Line. A handful of other hybrid cars, SUVs, minivans and pick-up trucks are expected to go into production and be available in the next two or three years.

Here's an illustration of the basic operation of a hybrid car
Increasingly, though, the future of hybrids looks to be in the "series hybrid" or "plug-in hybrid electric vehicles" (PHEV); keep reading for details on when the future might arrive.

What is a "series hybrid"?

All of the hybrid cars available today are considered "parallel hybrids," for the ability of both the electric motor and gasoline engine to provide power to the wheels. A "series hybrid," by contrast, uses the gasoline engine to turn an electric generator, which then either powers the car or charges on-board batteries. As such, the gasoline engine is not used to make the car go. The Chevy Volt, the much-hyped concept car from General Motors, is such a hybrid, though as HybridCars.com notes, "The folks from GM don't want to use the term 'series hybrid' to refer to their Chevy Volt concept vehicle (for marketing purposes), but that's what it is."
Taken as a whole, hybrids offer a mixed bag of issues, when it comes to their environmental considerations. They offer greater fuel efficiency and fewer greenhouse gas and particular emissions than conventional cars, but still run on gasoline, a finite and (some say) diminishing resource. They represent a technological step forward, but cost more money to buy and ultimately maintain than conventional cars. The electric batteries offer a way to power a car without using gasoline, but add weight to the car (reducing its efficiency) and are very costly (both financially and environmentally) to produce and dispose of. Green car enthusiasts generally accept hybrids as a positive step forward in greener personal transportation, but not as a long-term solution for a greener future.
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
In addition to the Chevy Volt series hybrid mentioned above, the next development in hybrid cars is likely to be the "plug-in hybrid electric vehicle" (PHEV), which has a larger battery pack more capable of powering the vehicle on its own, without the need of the gasoline engine, for a number of miles. Though not required, these cars can be plugged in to help charge up the batteries; stay tuned for a future "Green Basics" column, all about plug-in hybrids.
Read more about hybrid-electric cars and vehicles
There are lots of resources for further reading; check out Wikipedia, hybridcars.com and hybrid-car.org to get started. Here at TreeHugger, have a peek at our Cars + Transportation category for more, or type "hybrid" into the search engine above to dig in to our coverage of hybrids.
Turn the ignition on other green topics with TreeHugger's Green Basics series that appear regularly on these pages.

Friday, December 18, 2015

ANDROID most appropriate smartphone.

3. Android detail explanation.

Definition:

The android operating system is a LINUX-based OS by the Open Handset Alliance (OHA). Android OS shipments overtook those of Symbian in 4^th quarter of 2010.

WORKING OF ANDROID:

Android devices are highly customizable and can be changed to your suit by changing wallpapers, themes, calendar, etc.
Another neat feature of android is that it backs up your contacts. When you open an android phone it asks about a google account whether you can create a new one or give an existing one. So, your contacts are automatically synced with you google account.

ADVANTAGES OF ANDROID O.S

· ANDROID is multi-task able that at a time many functions can be performed.

· There is an ease of notifications an LED indicator is present which notifies of incoming calls, missed call, messages.

· Many apps can be downloaded using the play store easily.

· Android OS is present in a vast amount of phone brands so when you talk through it you will feel “different”.

· Can install a modify ROM. If you want to add a higher capacity ROM then I can be added.

· With the widgets on the screen you can easily access the phone through shortcuts.

· E-mails can be checked quickly as an app is present in it.

DISADVANTAGES OF ANDROID O.S

· Androids have comparatively little memory storage and large items cannot be installed and if they are installed they do not run properly.

· On most of the applications which cannot be run on the android are simple force closed which is annoying.

· Androids have so many processes which are carried at the back of the system and so the mobile data is really costly.

· Androids have so many processes carried on the back so this results in constant use of RAM and in low battery.

· Malware can be inserted in the google play store so it is harmful to android

· Android gets overheated due to processes occurring in its back.

Inserting the SD card slows the android.

Versions of Android O.S

· Android Eclair

· Android Froyo

· Android Ginger brand

· Android Honeycomb

· Android Ice-cream sandwich

· Android Jellybean

· Android Kitkat

· Android Lollipop

· Android Marsh mellow

All the versions are named after a DESERT. And this can be a special feature of an android.

Android in 2015

The present condition of android is really good. It is more preferable than MAC and windows in all over the world. And this is only due to its vast fields and its good results which it has given to all the people.

People are easy to use android in their mobile phones. Because it helps them a lot. And as till it is concerned not a single thing in this world is perfect made by humans. So where it has advantages it has disadvantages too and they are discussed above. But we can talk about the overall reputation of android and it is pretty good.

ANDROID IN FUTURE

In my opinion I do not think so that the android would become dangerous or world come over the world. And besides providing relief on everyday tasks android would be helpful in space exploration. As it is obvious androids don’t need to breathe so they can work on moon and anywhere we want them to work. So they will really be helpful.
By the overall world’s calculation the present is obviously bright and so is the future

CURIOSITY

Let's see what a curiosity can do

HONDA

The best automotive company in Pakistan and all over the world.

Thursday, December 17, 2015

Movie Related To new Technology.

Surrogates:

Surrogates is a 2009 American science fiction action film, based on the 2005–2006 comic book series The Surrogates. Directed byJonathan Mostow, it stars Bruce Willis as Tom Greer, an FBI agent who ventures out into the real world to investigate the murder of surrogates (humanoid remote controlled robots). It also stars Radha Mitchell, Rosamund Pike, Boris Kodjoe, Ving Rhames, andJames Cromwell.

The film's main concept centers on the mysterious murder of a college student linked to the man who helped create a high-tech surrogate phenomenon that allows people to purchase remote controlled humanoid robots through which they interact with society. These fit, attractive, remotely controlled robots ultimately assume their life roles, enabling people to experience life vicariously from the comfort and safety of their own homes. Surrogates was released on September 25, 2009 in the United States and Canada.^[4] It was released by Touchstone Pictures. During its theatrical run, the film grossed $122 million internationally against an $80 million budget despite mixed to negative reviews from critics.

click here to download film from torent

Wednesday, December 16, 2015

How to register your M.S.OFFICE

here we have a video which will teach you that how to register your MS.Office

How to recover your losted data.

We can easily recover our losted data from this software named I-CARE DATA RECOVERY SOFTWARE.
you have to chose the option of scanning and select the drive which you want to scan
and then wait until scan complete .
to download that software from torent try this link and click hereclick here to download

HOW to stop annoying ADDS on Google Chrome.

here are some following steps to follow to stop adds.

Steps to follow:

open your GOOGLE CHROME.
click on the button below the task bar on the uppermost left corner.
now click on settings.
now click on EXTENSIONS.
now scroll down and click on ADD EXTENSIONS.
type in search bar "ADD BLOCK"
click on the required app.

Tuesday, December 15, 2015

when you Forget pasword of your personal computer's BIOS.

here are following steps to remove the pasword of BIOS on your personal computers
either desktop or tower systems.

Steps to follow:

open the side cover of your PC.
find the CELL attached on motherboard.
remove that cell once with a screw driver.
again attach the cell on the motherboard.
now start your PC.
Press F2 or F12 through your keyboard.
Now your BIOS is open without demanding pasword.

THIS PROCESS MAY ALSO REMOVE YOUR COMPUTER LOGIN PASWORD.

Monday, December 14, 2015

Course of Introduction To Computing.

Course Information

*Course Title*	Introduction to Computing
*Course Code*	CMP-100
*Course Webpage*	http://online.pucit.edu.pk \\printsrv\Teacher Data\Ambreen Aslam\ITC15
*Course Email*	ambreen.aslam@pucit.edu.pk
*Instructor*	Ambreen Aslam
*Credit Hours*	3 Theory/week: Weight 3 Cr. hrs. Lectures: 2 Duration 1.5 hrs.
*Prerequisite Course*	None
*Program Name*	BS Computer Science/Software Engineering
*Aims and Objectives*	o A thorough understanding of a user-level of computers and their role in the society. o The ability to use computers to enhance productivity regardless of the type of discipline in which they are being used including effective use of different productivity software. o An overall understanding of different areas of computer science like digital design, internet and world wide web, operating system, computer architecture, algorithm, programming languages, software engineering, database and networks. o Strong concepts of converting problems into computer solvable format. o Learning different high level programming languages like HTML, Java Script, CSS etc o Orientation about different programming tools. o Confidence of self study and self exploring new knowledge. o Making habit of conveying knowledge with world through blogging.